powerex, inc., 173 pavilion lane, youngwood, pennsylvania 15697-1800 (724) 925-7272 hybrid ic igbt gate driver VLA503-01 rev. 04/07 description: the VLA503-01 is a hybrid integrated circuit designed to provide optimum gate drive for igbt modules. this device provides high current optically isolated gate drive with a large output voltage swing. the driver also provides short circuit protection based on desaturation detection. features: electrical isolation voltage between input and output with opto-coupler (2500 v rms for 1 minute) two supply driver topology built-in short-circuit protection (with a pin for fault output) ttl compatible input interface application: to drive igbt modules for inverter or ac servo systems applications recommended igbt modules: 600v module up to 600a 1200v module up to 400a outline drawing and circuit diagram dimensions inches millimeters a 2.0 51.0 b 1.02 26.0 c 0.4 10.0 d 0.45 11.5 e 0.12 3.0 f 0.3 7.5 g 0.25 6.5 h 0.10 2.54 j 0.02+0.006/-0.004 0.5+0.15/-0.1 k 0.180.06 4.51.5 l 0.01+0.01/-0.004 0.25+0.2/-0.1 note: all dimensions listed are maximums except h, j, k, and l. detect circuit latch timer and reset circuit interface opto coupler 180 ? v cc control pin for t trip detect pin v o v ee fault output 13 gate shutdown circuit c l e f 14 3 , 7 , 9 , 10 pin : nc 6 8 5 1 2 4 14 1 a b k j d g h
VLA503-01 hybrid ic igbt gate driver powerex, inc., 173 pavilion lane, youngwood, pennsylvania 15697-1800 (724) 925-7272 rev. 04/07 absolute maximum ratings, t a = 25c unless otherwise specifed characteristics symbol VLA503-01 units supply voltage, dc v cc 18 volts v ee -15 volts input signal voltage (applied between pin 13 - 14, 50% duty cycle, pulse width 1ms) v i -1 ~ +7 volts output voltage (when the output voltage is "h") v o v cc volts output current i ohp -5 amperes (pulse width 2s, f 20khz) i olp 5 amperes isolation voltage (sine wave voltage 60hz, for 1 minute) v iso 2500 v rms case temperature t c 85 c operating temperature (no condensation allowable) t opr -20 ~ +60 c storage temperature (no condensation allowable) t stg -25 ~ +100* c fault output current (applied pin 8) i fo 20 ma input voltage at pin 1 (applied pin 1) v r1 50 volts *differs from h/c condition. electrical and mechanical characteristics, t a = 25c unless otherwise specifed, v cc = 15v, v ee = -10v) characteristics symbol test conditions min. typ. max. units supply voltage v cc recommended range 14 15 volts v ee recommended range -7 -10 volts pull-up voltage on primary side v in recommended range 4.75 5 5.25 volts "h" input current i ih recommended range 15.2 16 19 ma switching frequency f recommended range 20 khz gate resistance r g recommended range 2 w "h" input current i ih v in = 5v 16 ma "h" output voltage v oh 13 14 volts "l" output voltage v ol -8 -9 volts "l-h" propagation time t plh i ih = 16ma 0.5 1 s "l-h" rise time t r i ih = 16ma 0.3 1 s "h-l" propagation time t phl i ih = 16ma 1 1.3 s "h-l" fall time t f i ih = 16ma 0.3 1 s timer t timer between start and cancel 1 2 ms (under input sign "l") fault output current i fo applied 8 pin, r = 4.7k w 5 ma controlled time detect short-circuit 1 t trip1 pin 1: 15v and more, pin 2: open 2.6 s controlled time detect short-circuit 2** t trip2 pin 1: 15v and more, pins 2-4: 10pf 3 s (connective capacitance) sc detect voltage v sc collector voltage of module 15 volts **length of wiring capacitor controlled time detect short-circuit is within 5cm from pin 2 and pin 4 coming and going.
VLA503-01 hybrid ic igbt gate driver powerex, inc., 173 pavilion lane, youngwood, pennsylvania 15697-1800 (724) 925-7272 rev. 04/07 VLA503-01 + + + 14 13 10 9 8 6 5 4 3 2 1 + + v cc v ee igbt module 18v 18v g c e e 4.7k b1 +5v contr ol fa ul t 30v r g c2 c1 d1 c tr ip ps2501 component selection : design descr iption v cc , v ee +15v/-10v t ypical, see data sheet f or usab le limits r g adjust f or application requirements . see igbt module application notes fo r recommendations and po wer rating c1, c2 10f-100f 25v lo w impedance electrolytic d1 ultra f ast reco ve ry t rr <100ns , high v oltage v rr m >v ces (igbt) c tr ip 0-200pf adjusts desaturation tr ip time (t tr ip ) b1 c mos buff er 74hc04 or similar ? must activ ely pull high to maintain noise imm unity notes: (1) po wer supply decoupling capacitors c1 and c2 should be connected as close as possib le to the pins of the gate dr iv er and must be siz ed to ha ve appropr iate esr and r ipple current capability f or the igbt being dr iv en. (2) c tr ip should be connected as close as possib le to the pins of the gate dr iv er to av oid noise pic k-up . (3) all z ener diodes 1w , all resistors 0.25w unless otherwise noted . VLA503-01 + + 14 13 10 9 8 6 5 4 3 2 1 + + v cc igbt module 18v 18v g c e e 4.7k 2.7k 8.2v b1 +5v contr ol fa ul t 30v r g c2 c1 d1 c tr ip ps2501 application circuit single supply operation
VLA503-01 hybrid ic igbt gate driver powerex, inc., 173 pavilion lane, youngwood, pennsylvania 15697-1800 (724) 925-7272 4 rev. 04/07 5 3 4 2 1 0 2 0 6 0 40 80 ambient tempera ture, t a , (c ) po wer dissi pa tion, p d , (w a tts) 0 25 15 20 10 5 0 1 0 3 0 20 40 suppl y vo lt ag e, v cc , (v ol ts) (pin : 4 C 6) quiescent current , i d , (mamperes) 0 t plh t phl 1.0 1.6 1.4 1.2 0.8 0.6 0.2 0.4 0 2 0 4 0 6 0 8 0 ambient tempera ture, t a , (c ) pr op ag at ion dela y time l-h, t plh , (s) pr op ag at ion dela y time h-l , t ph l , (s) 0 v cc = 15v v ee = 10v r g = 3.1 w v in = 5.0v lo ad: cm400d y -24nf t plh t phl 1.0 1.6 1.4 1.2 0.8 0.6 0.2 0.4 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 input signal vo lt ag e, v i , (v ol ts) pr op ag at ion dela y time l-h, t plh , (s) pr op ag at ion dela y time h-l , t ph l , (s) 0 v cc = 15v v ee = 10v r g = 3.1 w t a = 25c lo ad: cm400d y -24nf 6 5 4 3 2 0 2 0 6 0 40 80 ambient tempera ture, t a , (c ) contr olled time shor t- circui t detect , t tr ip 1 , t tr ip 2 , (s) 0 1 v cc = 15v v ee = -10v t tr ip 2 : c tr ip = 10pf t tr ip 1 : c tr ip = 0pf 9 5 6 7 8 4 3 2 0 2 5 7 5 100 125 50 150 connective cap ac it ance, c tr ip , (p f ) (pin : 2 C 4) contr olled time shor t -circui t detect , t tr ip , (s) 0 1 v cc = 15v v ee = -10v t a = 25c t a = 25c pr op ag a tion dela y tim e vs. ambient chara cteristics (typical) pr op ag a tion dela y time vs. input vo lt ag e chara cteristics (typical) pr op ag a tion dela y tim e vs. ambient tempera ture chara cteristics (typical) po wer dissip at io n vs. ambient tempera ture chara cteristics (maximum ra ting) (typical) switching time definitions quiescent current vs. suppl y vo lt ag e chara cteristics (pin: 4 C 6) input signal l (typical) contr olled time shor t -circuit detect vs. connective cap a cit ance chara cteristics (typical) v in (pin 14 to 13) v o (pin 5 to 6) t plh t phl 90% 50% 10% t r t f
VLA503-01 hybrid ic igbt gate driver powerex, inc., 173 pavilion lane, youngwood, pennsylvania 15697-1800 (724) 925-7272 rev. 04/07 general description the VLA503-01 is a hybrid integrated circuit designed to provide gate drive for high power igbt modules. this circuit has been optimized for use with powerex nf-series and a-series igbt modules. however, the output characteristics are compatible with most mos gated power devices. the VLA503-01 features a compact single-in-line package design. the upright mounting minimizes required printed circuit board space to allow effcient and fexible layout. the VLA503-01 converts logic level control signals into fully isolated +15v/-8v gate drive with up to 5a of peak drive current. control signal isolation is provided by an integrated high speed opto-coupler. short circuit protection is provided by means of destauration detection. short circuit protection figure 1 shows a block diagram of a typical desatura - tion detector. in this circuit, a high voltage fast recovery diode (d1) is connected to the igbts collector to moni - tor the collector to emitter voltage. when the igbt is in the off state, v ce is high and d1 is reverse biased. with d1 off the (+) input of the comparator is pulled up to the positive gate drive power supply (v+) which is normally +15v. when the igbt turns on, the compara - tors (+) input is pulled down by d1 to the igbts v ce(sat) . the (-) input of the comparator is supplied with a fxed voltage (v trip ). during a normal on-state condition the comparators (+) input will be less than v trip and its output will be low. during a normal off-state condi - tion the comparators (+) input will be larger than v trip and its output will be high. if the igbt turns on into a short circuit, the high current will cause the igbts col - lector-emitter voltage to rise above v trip even though the gate of the igbt is being driven on. this abnormal presence of high v ce when the igbt is supposed to be on is often called desaturation . desaturation can be detected by a logical and of the drivers input signal and the comparator output. when the output of the and goes high a short circuit is indicated. the output of the and can be used to command the igbt to shut down in order to protect it from the short circuit. a delay (t trip ) must be provided after the comparator output to allow for the normal turn on time of the igbt. the t trip delay is set so that the igbts v ce has enough time to fall below v trip during normal turn on switching. if t trip is set too short, erroneous desaturation detection will occur. the maximum allowable t trip delay is limited by the igbts short circuit withstanding capability. in typical applications using powerex igbt modules the recom - mended limit is 10 s. operation of the VLA503-01 desaturation detector the powerex VLA503-01 incorporates short circuit protection using desaturation detection as described above. a fow chart for the logical operation of the short-circuit protection is shown in figure 2. when a desaturation is detected the hybrid gate driver performs a soft shut down of the igbt and starts a timed (t timer ) 1.5ms lock out. the soft turn-off helps to limit the tran - sient voltage that may be generated while interrupting the large short circuit current fowing in the igbt. during the lock out the driver pulls pin 8 low to indicate the fault status. normal operation of the driver will resume after the lock-out time has expired and the control input signal returns to its off state. adjustment of trip time the VLA503-01 has a default short-circuit detection time delay (t trip ) of approximately 2.5 s. this will prevent erroneous detection of short-circuit conditions as long as the series gate resistance (r g ) is near the minimum recommended value for the module being used. the 2.5 s delay is appropriate for most applica - tions so adjustment will not be necessary. however, in some low frequency applications it may be desirable to use a larger series gate resistor to slow the switching of the igbt, reduce noise, and limit turn-off transient volt - ages. when r g is increased, the switching delay time of the igbt will also increase. if the delay becomes gate drive igbt module and inpu t v+ d1 v trip c e g e r g delay t trip compare shutdow n + figure 1. desaturation detector
VLA503-01 hybrid ic igbt gate driver powerex, inc., 173 pavilion lane, youngwood, pennsylvania 15697-1800 (724) 925-7272 rev. 04/07 no start is v ce > v sc is v ce > v sc is inpu t signal on slow shutdow n disable outpu t set fault signal wait t timer is inpu t signal off yes no delay t trip yes yes yes yes yes no no clear fault signal enable outpu t figure 2. VLA503-01 desaturation detector -5v 10v 10v t timer t tr ip v o (pin 5) fa ul t signal (pin 8) figure 3. adjustment of t trip long enough so that the voltage on the detect pin 1 is greater than v sc at the end of the t trip delay the driver will erroneously indicate that a short circuit has occurred. to avoid this condition the VLA503-01 has provisions for extending the t trip delay by connecting a capacitor (c trip ) between pin 2 and v cc (pins 4). the effect of adding c trip on trip time is shown in figure 3. if t trip is extended care must be exercised not to exceed the short-circuit withstanding capability of the igbt mod - ule. normally this will be satisfed for powerex nf and a-series igbt modules as long as the total shut-down time does not exceed 10 s.
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